BEST
Bioenergy and
Sustainable Technologies
Publications
Peer Reviewed Scientific Journals | 2015
Investigation of the corrosion behaviour of 13CrMo4-5 for biomass fired boilers with coupled online corrosion and deposit probe measurements
Gruber T, Schulze K, Scharler R, Obernberger I. Investigation of the corrosion behaviour of 13CrMo4-5 for biomass fired boilers with coupled online corrosion and deposit probe measurements. Fuel. 2015;144:15-24.
High-temperature corrosion in biomass fired boilers is still an insufficiently explored phenomenon which causes unscheduled plant shutdowns and hence, economical problems. To investigate the high-temperature corrosion and deposit formation behaviour of superheater tube bundles, online corrosion probe as well as deposit probe measurements have been carried out in a specially designed fixed bed/drop tube reactor in order to simulate a superheater boiler tube under well-controlled conditions. The investigated boiler steel 13CrMo4-5 is commonly used as steel for superheater tube bundles in biomass fired boilers. Forest wood chips and quality sorted waste wood (A1-A2 according to German standards) as relevant fuels have been selected to investigate the influence on the deposit formation and corrosion behaviour. The following influencing parameter variations have been performed during the test campaigns: flue gas temperature between 650 and 880°C, steel temperature between 450 and 550°C and flue gas velocity between 2 and 8 m/s. One focus of the work presented is the detailed investigation of the structure and the chemical composition of the deposits formed as well as of the corrosion products. A further goal of the work presented was the development of an empirical model which can be used within CFD simulations of flow and heat transfer to calculate and evaluate the local corrosion potential of biomass fired plants already at the planning stage. The corrosion probe measurements show a clear dependency on the parameters investigated and the empirical function developed reproduces the measured corrosion behaviour sufficiently accurate. Since the additional calculation time within the CFD simulation is negligible the model represents a helpful tool for plant designers to estimate whether high-temperature corrosion is of relevance for a certain plant or not, when using fuels with similar compositions and the steel 13CrMo4-5. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conference Papers | 2015
Investigations on the catalytic activity of bed material coating regarding the water-gas-shift reaction and the steam reforming of model compounds for lighter and heavier hydrocarbons
Kuba M, Havlik F, Kirnbauer F, Hofbauer H. Investigations on the catalytic activity of bed material coating regarding the water-gas-shift reaction and the steam reforming of model compounds for lighter and heavier hydrocarbons. 23rd European Biomass Conference & Exhibition (oral presentation). June 2015, Vienna, Austria.
Other Presentations | 2015
Life cycle analysis of small scale pellet boilers characterized by high efficiency and low emissions
Monteleone B, Chiesa M, Marzuoli R, Verma VK, Schwarz M, Carlon E, Schmidl C, Ballarin Denti A. Life cycle analysis of small scale pellet boilers characterized by high efficiency and low emissions. Applied Energy. 1 October 2015;155:160-170.
Conference Papers | 2015
Liquid biofuels from biomass steam gasification
Rauch R. Liquid biofuels from biomass steam gasification. 23rd European Biomass Conference & Exhibition, side event Austrian Day (oral presentation). June 2015, Vienna, Austria.
Conference contributions | 2015
Long-Term Monitoring of Pellet Boilers Installed in Residential Buildings: Efficiency and Operational Behaviour
Carlon E, Schwarz M, Verma VK, Schmidl C, Baratieri M. Long-Term Monitoring of Pellet Boilers Installed in Residential Buildings: Efficiency and Operational Behaviour, 23rd European Biomass Conference 2015, 1st-4th of June 2015, Vienna, Austria. (oral presentation)
Conference contributions | 2015
Mathematical model of an absorption based flue gas heat recovery
Hebenstreit B, Lichtenegger K, Schnetzinger R, Höftberger E, Schmidl C, Lundgren J, Toffolo A. Mathematical model of an absorption based flue gas heat recovery, 23rd European Biomass Conference 2015, 1st-4th of June 2015, Vienna, Austria. (visual presentation)
Conference contributions | 2015
Mikrobielle Kontamination als Ursache für Fehlgerüche bei der Lagerung von Holzpellets
Pöllinger-Zierler P, Sedlmayer I, Reinisch C, Siegmund B, Wopienka E, Pointner C, Haslinger W. Mikrobielle Kontamination als Ursache für Fehlgerüche bei der Lagerung von Holzpellets, European Pellet Conference 2015, 25th-26th of Feburary 2015, Wels, Austria.
Conference contributions | 2015
Model based control of a biomass fired steam boiler
Zemann C, Unterberger V, Gölles M. Model based control of a biomass fired steam boiler. 19. Steirisches Seminar über Regelungstechnik und Prozessautomatisierung. September 2015, Wagna, Austria.
Contributions at other events | 2015
Modellbildung und Regelung von Biomasse-Feuerungsanlagen
Schörghuber, C. Modellbildung und Regelung von Biomasse-Feuerungsanlagen, Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universität Graz, Graz, Austria, 2015.
Conference contributions | 2015
Nachhaltige Versorgungs und Wertschöpfungsketten
Strasser C. Nachhaltige Versorgungs und Wertschöpfungsketten, "Biomasse der Zukunft" - Internationale Konferenz auf Schloss Weinzierl 2015, 29th of Januar 2015, Wieselburg, Austria.
Conference contributions | 2015
Natural ventilation measures for CO off-gassing in small pellet storages
Emhofer W, Lichtenegger K, Haslinger W, Sedlmayer I. Natural ventilation measures for CO off-gassing in small pellet storages, Word Sustainable Energy Days next 2015, 24th-27th of February 2015, Wels, Austria.
Conference Papers | 2015
Numerical modelling of biomass grate furnaces with a particle based model
Mehrabian R, Shiehnejadhesar A, Scharler R, Obernberger I. Numerical modelling of biomass grate furnaces with a particle based model, INFUB 10th European Conference on Industrial Furnace and Boilers 2015, 7th-10th of April 2015, Porto, Portugal.
Technical Reports | 2015
Nutrient recovery by biogas digestate processing
Drosg B, Fuchs W, Al Seadi T, Madsen M, Linke B. Nutrient recovery by biogas digestate processing. IEA Bioenergy (2015): 7-11
Conference contributions | 2015
Operation and Efficiency of a Wood-Pellet Fired 5 KWel Stirling
Aigenbauer S, Schnetzinger R, Höftberger E, Schmidl C, Haslinger W. Operation and Efficiency of a Wood-Pellet Fired 5 KWel Stirling, 23rd European Biomass Conference 2015, 1st-4th of June 2015, Vienna, Austria. (visual presentation)
Peer Reviewed Scientific Journals | 2015
Optimization of a 50 MW bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustion chamber by means of computational particle fluid dynamics
Kraft S, Kuba M, Kirnbauer F, Bosch K, Hofbauer H. Optimization of a 50 MW bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustion chamber by means of computational particle fluid dynamics. Biomass and Bioenergy. 4 August 2015;89:31-39.
An efficient utilization of biomass fuels in power plants is often limited by the melting behavior of the biomass ash, which causes unplanned shutdowns of the plants. If the melting temperature of the ash is locally exceeded, deposits can form on the walls of the combustion chamber. In this paper, a bubbling fluidized bed combustion chamber with 50 MW biomass input is investigated that severely suffers deposit build-up in the freeboard during operation. The deposit layers affect the operation negatively in two ways: they act as an additional heat resistance in regions of heat extraction, and they can come off the wall and fall into the bed and negatively influence the fluidization behavior. To detect zones where ash melting can occur, the temperature distribution in the combustion chamber is calculated numerically using the commercial CPFD (computational particle fluid dynamics) code, Barracuda Version 15. Regions where the ash melting temperature is exceeded are compared with the fouling observed on the walls in the freeboard. The numerically predicted regions agree well with the observed location of the deposits on the walls. Next, the model is used to find an optimized operating point with fewer regions in which the ash melting temperature is exceeded. Therefore, three cases with different distributions of the inlet gas streams are simulated. The simulations show if the air inlet streams are moved from the freeboard to the necking area above the bed a more even temperature distribution is obtained over the combustion chamber. Hence, the areas where the ash melting temperatures are exceeded are reduced significantly and the formation of deposits in the optimized operational mode is much less likely.
Other publication | 2015
Optimization of Heating, Electricits and Cooling Services in a Microgrid to Increase the Efficiency and Reliability
Lichtenegger K, Stadler M, Moser A, Zellinger M, Muschick D, Gölles M, Steinlechner M, Ayoub T, Geradrdts B. Optimization of Heating, Electricits and Cooling Services in a Microgrid to Increase the Efficiency and Reliability.PoserGen Europe Wien.2018
We briefly review the general concept and expected market potential of microgrids, then discuss the optimization challengesassociated with planning local cross-sectorial energy systems. A fair technology-neutral approach to this optimization task leads to a hard problem, which has to be tackled with advanced methods of mathematical optimization.The power of this approach is illustrated ina case study, concerning the replacement of heating systems in an alpine valley. In this case study we see both the potential for cost reduction and for the reduction of CO2emissions by an integrated planning approach.
Conference contributions | 2015
Outlook for the Project: Future Application and Development of the AshMelT methods
Schwabl M, Wopienka E. AshMelT Workshop “Outlook for the Project: Future Application and Development of the AshMelT methods” (held during de World Sustainable Energy Days 2015), 25th-27th of February, Wels, Austria, 2015.
Conference contributions | 2015
Parameter Study with Sulfidized Molybdenum Catalyst for Mixed Alcohol Synthesis with Biomass-Derived Synthesis Gas
Weber G, Rauch R, Hofbauer H. Parameter Study with Sulfidized Molybdenum Catalyst for Mixed Alcohol Synthesis with Biomass-Derived Synthesis Gas, 23rd European Biomass Conference 2015, 1st-4th of June 2015, Vienna, Austria. (oral presentation)
Peer Reviewed Scientific Journals | 2015
Performance of a water gas shift pilot plant processing product gas from an industrial scale biomass steam gasification plant
Kraussler M, Binder M, Fail S, Bosch K, Hackel M, Hofbauer H. Performance of a water gas shift pilot plant processing product gas from an industrial scale biomass steam gasification plant. Biomass and Bioenergy. 4 August 2015;89:50-57.
In this paper, the performance of a commercial Fe/Cr based catalyst for the water gas shift reaction was investigated. The catalyst was used in a water gas shift pilot plant which processed real product gas from a commercial biomass steam gasification plant with two different qualities: extracted before and extracted after scrubbing with a rapeseed methyl ester gas scrubber. The performance of the WGS pilot plant regarding these two different gas qualities was investigated. For this reason, extensive chemical analyses were carried out. CO, CO2, CH4, N2, O2, C2H6, C2H4, and C2H2 and H2S, COS, and C4H4 S were measured. In addition, GCMS tar and NH3 analyses were performed. Furthermore, the catalyst's activity was observed by measuring the temperature profiles along the reactors of the water gas shift pilot plant. During the 200 h of operation with both product gas qualities, no catalyst deactivation could be observed. A CO conversion up to 93% as well as a GCMS tar reduction (about 28%) along the water gas shift pilot plant was obtained. Furthermore, a specific H2 production of 63 g H2 per kg biomass (dry and ash free) was reached with both product gas qualities. No significant performance difference could be observed.
Conference Papers | 2015
Performance of a water gas shift pilot plant processing tar-rich product gas from a commercial biomass steam gasification plant operating at partial load conditions
Kraussler M, Binder M, Hofbauer H. Performance of a water gas shift pilot plant processing tar-rich product gas from a commercial biomass steam gasification plant operating at partial load conditions. International Bioenergy Exhibition and Asian Bioenergy Conference 2015. October 2015, Shanghai, China.
Conference Papers | 2015
Performance of a Water Gas Shift Unit Processing Product Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification
Kraussler M, Binder M, Fail S, Rauch R, Bosch K, Hackel M, Hofbauer H. Performance of a Water Gas Shift Unit Processing Product Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification. 23rd European Biomass Conference & Exhibition (oral presentation). June 2015, Vienna, Austria.
Conference contributions | 2015
Production of high purity hydrogen from biomass-derived synthesis gas using dual fluidised bed gasification technology
Loipersböck J., Rehling B., Rauch R., Hofbauer H. Production of high purity hydrogen from biomass-derived synthesis gas using dual fluidised bed gasification technology, 23rd European Biomass Conference 2015, 1st-4th of June 2015, Vienna, Austria. (oral presentation)
Conference contributions | 2015
Regulation of land competition in Brazil
Ludwiczek N. Regulation of land competition in Brazil, 23rd European Biomass Conference 2015, 1st-4th of June 2015, Vienna, Austria. (oral presentation)
Peer Reviewed Scientific Journals | 2015
Short term online corrosion measurements in biomass fired boilers. Part 1: Application of newly developed mass loss probe
Retschitzegger S, Gruber T, Brunner T, Obernberger I. Short term online corrosion measurements in biomass fired boilers. Part 1: Application of a newly developed mass loss probe. Fuel Process Technol 2015;137:148-156.
Peer Reviewed Scientific Journals | 2015
Simultaneous online determination of S, Cl, K, Na, Zn and Pb release from a single particle during biomass combustion Part 1: Experimental setup implementation and evaluation
Sommersacher P, Kienzl N, Brunner T, Obernberger I. Simultaneous online determination of S, Cl, K, Na, Zn and Pb release from a single particle during biomass combustion Part 1: Experimental setup implementation and evaluation. Energy and Fuels. 15 October 2015;29:6734-6746.
The interest in experimental data regarding thermal fuel decomposition as well as the release behavior of ash-forming elements of biomass fuels for modeling and simulation purposes is continuously increasing. On the basis of combustion experiments with lab-scale reactors and single-particle reactors, integral release data regarding ash-forming vapors can be obtained, whereby the release is calculated on the basis of analysis data of the fuel and the ash residues. At the moment, almost no time-resolved release data of ash-forming elements from single particles exist. Therefore, a single-particle reactor was designed, which has been coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). This reactor can be used for targeted experiments in a temperature range of 250–1050 °C under inert, reducing, and oxidizing conditions. With this reactor, it is possible to simultaneously determine the surface and center temperatures of a biomass particle, weight loss of the particle, and flue gas composition. The reactor has been coupled to an ICP-MS through a gas stream that is sufficiently diluted with Ar. First performance tests with pure salts (KCl, NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, ZnCl2, and PbCl2) proved that relevant volatile ash-forming elements can be detected with the ICP-MS. For a further validation of the received signals, combustion tests with Miscanthus pellets have been carried out, whereby the controlled interruption of the experiments has also been investigated. These tests prove that with this system the simultaneous time-resolved determination of S, Cl, K, Na, Zn, and Pb is possible whereby the Cl signal can only be used with restrictions. On the basis of the determined release of ash-forming elements for the entire combustion experiment, a quantification/calibration of the measured intensities has been carried out. The data gained from these tests will provide deeper insights into release processes as well as form a relevant basis for release model development.